Table II.
Prevalence of individual metabolic abnormalities by BMI classification.
| Adolescents, n (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual abnormalities | Obese > + 2 BMI z-scores (n = 104) | Overweight + 1 < BMI z-scores ≤ + 2 (n = 78) | Normal weight ≤ + 1 BMI z-scores (n = 81) |
| Elevated Waist Circumferencea | 94 (90.4) | 36 (46.2) | 3 (3.7) |
| Low HDLa | 45 (43.3) | 29 (37.2) | 27 (33.3) |
| High tryglyceridesa | 21 (20.2) | 6 (7.7) | 1 (1.2) |
| Hypertensiona | 18 (17.3) | 5 (6.4) | 9(11.1) |
| High fasting glucosea | 4 (3.8) | 6 (7.7) | 3 (3.7) |
| Insulin resistanceb | 92 (88.5) | 66 (83.3) | 20 (24.7) |
| Hyperinsulinemiac | 76 (73.1) | 45 (57.7) | 7 (8.6) |
a
As defined by IDF Criteria:
• Elevated Waist Circumference (WC): For subjects 16 years and older, WC ≥ 94cm for males and ≥ 80 cm for females. For ages 13–15 years, WC ≥ 90th percentiles or adult cut-off value if lower;
• Low HDL: For subjects 16 years and older HDL < 40 mg/dL for males and < 50 mg/dL for females. For ages 13–15 years, HDL < 40 mg/dL;
• High TG: TG ≥ 150 mg/dL;
• Hypertension: SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg; and
• High Fasting Glucose: ≥ 100 mg/dL.
b
Insulin resistance, HOMA-IR > 3.16;
c
Hyperinsulinemia, Insulin ≥ 30 μU/ml for Tanner stage 4 and ≥ 20 μU/ml for Tanner stage 5.