Figure 2.
a–b. Rates of urine toxicologies positive for illicit methadone or opiates and self-reported illicit opioid use: group means through week 24
2a. Urine toxicology results display the proportions (group means) of individuals with any urines positive for opioids among during the corresponding 4-week intervals. Baseline results represents initial urine toxicology results in primary care buprenorphine treatment for all participants (community referrals and post-release jail referrals).
2b. Opioid use data indicate the proportions (group means) of patients reporting any illicit or non-prescribed opioid use during the corresponding 4-week intervals. Baseline results represent current use (last 7 days) at the initial primary care buprenorphine visit among community referrals, or pre-arrest use among jail referrals.
*Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals for group mean estimates.