Table 1.
Clinicopathologic correlation of lymphovascular invasion in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who received neoadjuvant therapy and pancreaticoduodenectomy
| Characteristics | Negative (%) (n=81) | Non-muscular LVS invasion (%) (n=67) | Muscular vessel invasion (%) (n=64) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 0.27 | |||
| <60 | 28 (34.6) | 29 (43.3) | 31 (48.4) | |
| 60–70 | 29 (35.8) | 26 (38.8) | 22 (34.4) | |
| >70 | 24 (29.6) | 12 (17.9) | 11 (17.2) | |
| Gender | 0.59 | |||
| Female | 37 (45.7) | 27 (40.3) | 24 (37.5) | |
| Male | 44 (54.3) | 40 (59.7) | 40 (62.5) | |
| Neoadjuvant therapy | 0.16 | |||
| Group 1 | 15 (18.5) | 11 (16.4) | 13 (20.3) | |
| Group 2 | 30 (37.0) | 18 (26.9) | 18 (28.1) | |
| Group 3 | 23 (28.4) | 22 (32.8) | 25 (39.1) | |
| Group 4 | 11 (13.6) | 16 (23.9) | 5 (7.8) | |
| Group 5 | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 3 (4.7) | |
| Tumor differentiation | 0.54 | |||
| Well-Moderate | 49 (60.5) | 41 (61.2) | 44 (68.8) | |
| Poor | 32 (39.5) | 26 (38.8) | 20 (31.2) | |
| Tumor size | 0.30 | |||
| ≤2cm | 34 (42.0) | 26 (38.8) | 19 (29.7) | |
| >2cm | 47 (58.0) | 41 (61.2) | 45 (70.3) | |
| Resection margin | 0.03 | |||
| Negative | 75 (92.6) | 62 (92.5) | 51 (79.7) | |
| Positive | 6 (7.4) | 5 (7.5) | 13 (20.3) | |
| Pathologic tumor stage | 0.007 | |||
| ypT1-2 | 10 (12.3) | 3 (4.5) | 0 (0) | |
| ypT3 | 71 (87.7) | 64 (95.5) | 64 (100) | |
| Lymph node | <0.001 | |||
| Negative | 49 (60.5) | 24 (35.8) | 14 (21.9) | |
| Positive | 32 (39.5) | 43 (64.2) | 50 (78.1) | |
| AJCC stage | <0.001 | |||
| IA and IB | 8 (9.9) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0) | |
| IIA | 41 (50.6) | 22 (32.8) | 14 (21.9) | |
| IIB | 32 (39.5) | 43 (64.2) | 50 (78.1) | |
| Tumor response | 0.03 | |||
| Response group 1 | 18 (22.2) | 10 (14.9) | 4 (6.3) | |
| Response group 2 | 63 (77.8) | 57 (85.1) | 60 (93.7) | |
| Recurrence | 0.002 | |||
| No | 34 (42.0) | 22 (32.8) | 6 (9.4) | |
| Local | 10 (12.3) | 14 (20.9) | 16 (25.0) | |
| Distant | 37 (45.7) | 31 (46.3) | 42 (65.6) |