Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and differences between genders (n = 42)
| Variables | Men mean | SEMa | Women mean | SEMa | p valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 46.9 | 2.7 | 44.4 | 2.3 | 0.487 |
| Body height (cm) | 170.1 | 1.6 | 160.0 | 1.2 | 0.000 |
| Body weight (kg) | 82.4 | 3.1 | 77.1 | 3.4 | 0.258 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.4 | 0.7 | 30.0 | 1.1 | 0.225 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 98.4 | 1.8 | 94.4 | 2.3 | 0.181 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 140.0 | 3.3 | 137.7 | 3.7 | 0.631 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 93.5 | 3.2 | 88.2 | 2.3 | 0.187 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 75.1 | 2.5 | 77.7 | 2.2 | 0.448 |
| Fasting sugar (mg/dL) | 112.8 | 5.8 | 105.4 | 5.0 | 0.339 |
| Hemoglobin A1cc (%) | 6.4 | 0.3 | 6.3 | 0.2 | 0.684 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 234.0 | 23.8 | 188.4 | 14.7 | 0.112 |
| HDL-cc (mg/dL) | 41.5 | 1.7 | 49.3 | 2.1 | 0.006 |
| LDL-cc (mg/dL) | 125.5 | 7.1 | 134.9 | 6.1 | 0.314 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.2 | 7.7 | 204.9 | 6.2 | 0.333 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L) | 42.0 | 4.1 | 23.2 | 2.4 | 0.000 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L) | 30.1 | 3.1 | 20.5 | 1.6 | 0.008 |
| γ-Glutamyl transferase (IU/L) | 54.4 | 8.5 | 29.8 | 3.1 | 0.012 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L) | 161.3 | 7.8 | 142.2 | 9.8 | 0.135 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 | 0.05 | 0.6 | 0.06 | 0.019 |
| Creatinine (μm/L) | 1.1 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 7.8 | 0.29 | 6.1 | 0.27 | 0.000 |
| Insulin (μIU/mL) | 19.4 | 4.7 | 16.5 | 2.0 | 0.566 |
| Homocysteine (μmol/L) | 13.6 | 0.7 | 11.5 | 0.6 | 0.025 |
| Testosterone (ng/dL) | 337.2 | 25.0 | 31.6 | 3.7 | 0.000 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 434.5 | 20.7 | 469.8 | 27.0 | 0.308 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.28 | 0.06 | 0.51 | 0.12 | 0.001 |
| White blood cell (k/μL) | 7.3 | 0.4 | 7.2 | 0.5 | 0.792 |
| Red blood cell (m/μL) | 5.2 | 0.12 | 4.7 | 0.07 | 0.002 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 15.3 | 0.2 | 13.7 | 0.2 | 0.000 |
| Platelet (k/μL) | 259.1 | 11.0 | 312.4 | 11.9 | 0.002 |
| HOMAc | 4.8 | 1.1 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 0.012 |
| LogHOMA | 0.56 | 0.07 | 0.51 | 0.05 | 0.096 |
| Quickic | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.176 |
| McAuley index | 0.55 | 0.03 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 0.043 |
aSEM indicates standard error of mean. bAnalyzed by t-test. cHemoglobin A1c indicates glycosylated hemoglobin A1c. HDL-c indicates high density lipoprotein cholesterol. LDL-c indicates low density lipoprotein cholesterol. HOMA indicates homeostasis model assessment. Quicki indicates quantitative insulin sensitivity check index.