Fig. 3.

Variation of plant and animal local species diversity between trophically coupled and uncoupled communities in simulations that best fit observed network structure in real datasets. (A, C, and E) Relative variation of plant α-diversity measured as local plant species richness S_p; 70%, 64%, and 45%, respectively, of the variance is explained by the interpolation on average in each dataset. (B, D, and F) Relative variation of animal α-diversity measured as local animal species richness S_a; 33%, 40%, and 30%, respectively, of the variance is explained by the interpolation on average in each dataset. (A and B) Plant–pollinator datasets (n = 23). (C and D) Plant–fungi datasets (n = 16). (E and F) Plant–insect herbivore datasets (n = 15).