Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Arrows show direct (solid line) and indirect (dashed line), positive (+) and negative (−) effects. The thickness of the arrows reflects their strength. Black, bushy drawings represent algal turfs, grey leafy drawings represent foliose macroalgae.
