Table 2.

Etiology of PRES

Common causes of PRES
Hypertension
Eclampsia and preeclampsia
Drugs:
- Recreational: Cocaine, Amphetamines, PCP, LSD
- Others: Anti-depressants (Tricyclics, MAO Inhibitors), Bronchodilators, Erythropoietin, Midodrine, Fludrocortisone, Triple H therapy, Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG).
Neoplastic drugs: Cyclosporine-A, Tacrolimus, Interferons, Indinavir, Cisplatin, Cytarabine, Gemcitabine.
Autoimmune and Systemic: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Scleroderma, Vasculitis like PAN, Wegener's, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), Amyloid angiopathy, Tumor lysis syndrome, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), Sepsis, Multiple organ Dysfunction, Electrolyte imbalance (Hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia), Hypocholesterolemia,, GBS, Head injury, Renal failure due to any etiology.