Table 1.
Landmark Dissolution Cases
| Author, Year | N | Agent | Delivery method | Composition (n) | Mean duration | Dissolution results | Mean F/U | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suby and Albright 19437 | 7 | Solution G | Intermittent PNT±UC | CaP (2) Mixed (2) NR (3) |
45 days | Complete: 4/7 Partial: 2/7 Failure: 1/7 |
NR | + hematuria and lower urinary tract symptoms; air pyelography used to ensure stone-solution contact |
| Mulvaney 19599 | 3 | Renacidin | Intermittent PNT, SPT, Foley | NR | NR | Complete: 3/3 | NR | This report includes results of in vitro dissolution of 50 stones |
| Mulvaney 196015 | 46 | Renacidin | Continuous PNT+UC, Foley | Mixed | NR | Success: -Upper 11/21 -Bladder 5/10 -Catheter 15/15 |
NR | First report of staghorn stone dissolution; success defined as stone reduction or disappearance on radiography |
| Timmerman and Kallistratos 196642 | 260 | EDTA | Continuous PNT | 90% calcium | NR | Complete:145/260 Partial: 113/260 No response: 2/260 |
NR | Largest reported dissolution series; success defined as reduction or disappearance of stone on radiography; DVT rate, 3.8% |
| Comarr et al 197118 | 119 | Renacidin | Intermittent Two UC | Struvite | 70 days | Complete: 51/119 Partial: 26/119 No response: 37/119 Stopped early: 5/119 |
NR | Series consists of spinal cord injury patients only |
| Nemoy and Stamey197114 | 14 | Renacidin (8); Antibiotics (14) | Continuous PNT (5) UC (3) |
Struvite | 11 days | Complete: 8/8 | 3 years | Standardized dissolution protocols, antibiotics, and sterile urine; no stone recurrence in follow-up |
Before the 1970s, all percutaneous nephrostomy tubes were placed open or at the time of open lithotomy.
PNT=percutaneous nephrostomy tube; UC=ureteral catheter; CaP=calcium phosphate; NR=not recorded; SPT=suprapubic tube; EDTA=ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.