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A schematic depiction of the structure of a SAM formed by the adsorption of an n-alkane thiol on a gold surface (Upper). The physical properties of the surface can be controlled by substituting functional groups at the chain ends of the thiol adsorbate. In the example shown, the wafer presents carboxylic acid and methyl groups in the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, respectively (courtesy of G. Whitesides, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA).
