Table 3.
Proposed therapies targeting leukemic stem cells.
| Type | Example | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| Small molecule therapies | DMAPT | induces differentiation and apoptosis |
| MG-132 | proteasome inhibitor | |
| ABT-737 | bcl-2 inhibitor, regulates apoptosis |
|
| PI3K/PTEN/Akt | regulates growth and apoptosis |
|
| inhibitor | ||
| Dasatinib | inhibitor of BCR-ABL | |
| Antibody-based therapies | Diphtheria- toxin-IL-3 fusion protein |
inhibit intracellular signaling |
| anti-CXCR4 | mediates SDF-1 interaction | |
| anti-CD44 | inhibit homing of LSC to its niche |
|
| anti-CD23 | activate innate immunity | |
| anti-CD47 | immune-mediated cell killing |
|
|
Therapies targeting the
microenvironment |
γ-secretase inhibitor |
inhibit self-renewal |
| PI3K inhibitor anti-VEGF therapy |
block prosurvival signaling target hypoxic milieu |