Table 4.

Bone Turnover Markers at Baseline, 6 Months, and After 12 Months in the Two Treatment Groups^a,^b

	HP (n =26)			NP (n =21)			p Valueb
Turnover markers	Baseline	6 months	12 months	Baseline	6 months	12 months	Diet	Time	Diet × Time
Osteocalcin (ng/mL)	9.2 ± 1.7	9.5 ± 2.5	9.5 ± 2.5	10.0 ± 2.4	10.0 ± 2.4	10.0 ± 2.5	.342	.925	.405
P1NP (μg/L)	48.2 ± 16.3	44.7 ± 16.7	46.1 ± 16.4	56.6 ± 15.4	53.4 ± 16.1	56.6 ± 17.6	.058	.215	.910
NTX (BCE)	12.5 ± 3.7	12.3 ± 3.7	12.1 ± 3.5	13.0 ± 6.4	14.6 ± 7.8	13.1 ± 4.8	.268	.571	.319
PYD/C (nmol/mmol)	22.6 ± 8.9a	24.8 ± 8.6a	4.9 ± 9.5a	24.9 ± 16.2a	24.8 ± 11.0	28.3 ± 18.7b	.332	.018	.084
DPD/C (nmol/mmol)	10.5 ± 6.3a	9.8 ± 4.4a	8.9 ± 3.9b	9.3 ± 5.5a	9.6 ± 3.9a	10.8 ± 6.2a	.906	.399	.049

^aMean ± SD; P1NP =propeptide of type 1 collagen; NTX =N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen; PYD/C =pyridinoline/creatinine; DPD/C =deoxypyridinoline/ creatinine.

^bA two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA showing effect of diet (NP or HP), time (0, 6, and 12 months), and diet × time interaction. Values with different superscript letters are significantly different.