Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of immigrants with tuberculosis, without and with community health worker intervention.
| Variables | Before CHWa Intervention 2000-2002 (572 cases) N (%) | After the introduction of CHW intervention 2003-2005 (388 cases) N (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 392 (68.5) | 259 (66.8) | |
| Female | 180 (31.5) | 129 (33.2) | 0.6 |
| Age (median: 38; IQRb: 28-56) | |||
| 0-14 | 34 (6.0) | 17 (4.4) | |
| 15-24 | 112 (19.6) | 58(14.9) | |
| 25-39 | 300 (52.5) | 241 (62.1) | |
| 40 or over | 125 (21.9) | 72 (18.5) | < 0.001 |
| Geographical area of origin | |||
| Latin America | 202 (35.3) | 152 (39.2) | |
| India-Pakistan | 136 (23.8) | 112 (28.9) | |
| North Africa | 92 (16.1) | 42 (10.8) | |
| Other countries | 142 (24.8) | 82 (21.1) | < 0.001 |
| District of residence | |||
| Ciutat Vella | 197 (34.4) | 161 (41.5) | |
| Other | 339 (59.3) | 213 (54.9) | |
| Unknown | 36 (6.3) | 14 (3.6) | 0.02 |
| Homeless | |||
| Yes | 48 (8.4) | 29 (7.5) | |
| No | 524 (91.6) | 359 (92.5) | 0.7 |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 183 (32.0) | 116 (29.9) | |
| No | 389 (68) | 272 (70.1) | 0.5 |
| Alcoholic | |||
| Yes | 79 (13.8) | 56 (14.4) | |
| No | 493 (86.2) | 332 (85.6) | 0.2 |
| HIV | |||
| Yes | 49 (8.6) | 36 (9.3) | |
| No | 523 (91.4) | 352 (90.7) | 0.8 |
| IDUc | |||
| Yes | 22(3.8) | 20 (5.2) | |
| No | 550 (96.2) | 368 (94.8) | 0.4 |
| Type of TBd of index case | |||
| Pulmonary smear-positive | 201 (35.2) | 152 (39.2) | |
| Pulmonary Smear (-) Culture (+) | 115 (20.1) | 84 (21.6) | |
| Pulmonary culture negative | 96 (16.8) | 48 (12.4) | |
| Extrapulmonary | 159 (27.8) | 104 (26.8) | 0.22 |
| Chest X-ray in Pulmonary TB | |||
| Normal | 88 (15.4) | 67 (17.3) | |
| Cavitary | 138 (24.1) | 101(26) | |
| Non Cavitary | 337 (58.9) | 218 (56.2) | 0.49 |
| CTe | |||
| Performed | 317 (55.4) | 257 (66.2) | |
| Not performed | 255 (44.6) | 131 (33.8) | < 0.001 |
Barcelona 2000-2002 and 2003-2005
a Community health worker. bInterquartile range. cInjecting drug use. dTuberculosis. eConventional contact tracing