Table 1.
Characteristics of Demented and Dementia-Free Cohorts at Baseline Visit for the Adult Changes in Thought Study.
| Characteristic | Developed Dementia (N=494) | Did Not Develop Dementia (N=2525) | Unadjusted P-value | Age- and Gender-Adjusted P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 78.0 (6.0) | 74.5 (6.1) | .0001 | — |
| Age distribution, year, No. (%) | .0001 | — | ||
| 65–74 | 148 (30.0) | 1429 (56.6) | ||
| 75–84 | 274 (55.5) | 914 (36.2) | ||
| 85+ | 72 (14.5) | 182 (7.2) | ||
| Female, No. (%) | 305 (61.7) | 1493 (59.1) | .28 | — |
| High school graduate, No. (%) | 402 (81.4) | 2200 (87.1) | .0007 | .008 |
| Non-white, No. (%) | 35 (7.1) | 257 (10.2) | .03 | .18 |
| Living alone, No. (%) | 196 (39.7) | 910 (36.0) | .13 | .35 |
| Annual income, median | 23820 | 27478 | .0001 | .001 |
| Smoker, current, No. (%) | 27 (5.5) | 153 (6.1) | .79 | .60 |
| Exercise ≥3 times per week, No. (%) | 337 (68.2) | 1813 (71.8) | .10 | .32 |
| Self-rated health poor, No. (%) | 13 (2.6) | 38 (1.5) | .08 | .15 |
| ADL difficulty | ||||
| Bathing, No. (%) | 25 (5.1) | 109 (4.3) | .46 | .62 |
| Ambulating, No. (%) | 40 (8.1) | 146 (5.8) | .05 | .45 |
| Transferring, No. (%) | 91 (18.4) | 423 (16.8) | .37 | .68 |
| Dressing, No. (%) | 39 (7.9) | 106 (4.2) | .0004 | .006 |
| Feeding, No. (%) | 3 (0.6) | 23 (0.9) | .50 | .26 |
| Toileting, No. (%) | 9 (1.8) | 43 (1.7) | .85 | .62 |
| Chronic conditions | ||||
| Cancer (non-skin), No. (%) | 80 (16.2) | 444 (17.6) | .46 | .07 |
| Depression, No. (%) | 75 (15.2) | 246 (9.7) | .0003 | .003 |
| Heart disease, No. (%) | 103 (20.9) | 487 (19.3) | .42 | .85 |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 191 (38.7) | 980 (38.8) | .95 | .40 |
| Congestive heart failure, No. (%) | 23 (4.7) | 96 (3.8) | .37 | .98 |
| Diabetes, No. (%) | 52 (10.5) | 239 (9.5) | .46 | .24 |
| Stroke, No. (%) | 21 (4.3) | 81 (3.2) | .24 | .58 |
| Parkinson’s disease, No. (%) | 10 (2.0) | 8 (0.3) | .0001 | .0004 |
| RxRisk score, $ | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 4872 (2707) | 4336 (2890) | .0001 | .18 |
| CASI score, raw, mean (SD)a | 90.3 (5.7) | 93.6 (4.4) | .0001 | .0001 |
| Hospitalized for medical condition in 2 years prior to baseline, No. (%) | 112 (22.7) | 455 (18.0) | .01 | .17 |
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; CASI, Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
CASI score range, 0–100.