Table 1.

Mean percentages and standard error of peripheral blood lymphocytes expressing CD28 and CTLA-4 in CC patients and healthy controls

	freshly drawn cells%	24 h stimulated%	48 h stimulated%	72 h stimulated%
CC patients (n = 22)
CD3 + CD4 + CD28+	70.2 ± 19.1**,a	56.1 ± 15.2*,a,b	70.8 ± 14.6*,b	68.2 ± 15.2*
CD3 + CD8 + CD28+	21.2 ± 13.3††	23.4 ± 9.8†	26.3 ± 9.1†	25.1 ± 12.9††
CD3 + sCTLA-4+	15.2 ± 3.2‡‡,a	25.1 ± 4.1‡‡,a	24.0 ± 3.9‡‡,c	17.6 ± 2.7‡,c
CD3 + cCTLA-4+	11.2 ± 1.9#,a	32.3 ± 6.4##,a,b	44.1 ± 5.1##,b	47.2 ± 4.7##
Healthy controls (n = 17)
CD3 + CD4 + CD28+	93.4 ± 8.2**,a	70.0 ± 7.9*,a,b	89.2 ± 6.8*,b	87.3 ± 8.1*
CD3 + CD8 + CD28+	70.2 ± 6.9††,a	53.1 ± 4.5†,a,b	66.2 ± 6.1†,b	69.3 ± 5.4††
CD3 + sCTLA-4+	1.9 ± 0.5‡‡,a	3.5 ± 0.9‡‡,a,b	4.8 ± 1.1‡‡,b,c	7.9 ± 1.9‡,c
CD3 + cCTLA-4+	1.4 ± 0.2#,a	2.9 ± 0.8##,a	3.5 ± 1.1##,c	6.2 ± 1.5##,c

^*Comparison between CC patients and healthy controls. One symbol indicates p < 0.05; two symbols p < 0.04.

^†Comparison between CC patients and healthy controls. One symbol indicates p < 0.01; two symbols p < 0.001.

^‡Comparison between CC patients and healthy controls. One symbol indicates p < 0.01; two symbols p < 0.00001.

^#Comparison between CC patients and healthy controls. One symbol indicates p < 0.0001; two symbols p < 0.00001.

^aComparison between freshly drawn cells and 24 h stimulated cells; p < 0.04.

^bComparison between 24 h stimulated cells and 48 h stimulated cells; p < 0.05.

^cComparison between 48 h stimulated cells and 72 h stimulated cells; p < 0.02.

sCTLA-4 – surface CTLA-4; cCTLA-4 – cytoplasmic CTLA-4