Table 9.
Comparison of common adverse events (cumulative incidence >5%).
| Variables | Group, number (%) | P Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CCH1 | Lactulose | ||
| Flatulence | 16 (36.4) | 17 (34.7) | 0.867 |
| Albumin ↓ | 15 (34.1) | 10 (20.4) | 0.137 |
| Diarrhea | 15 (34.1) | 17 (34.7) | 0.951 |
| Hiccup | 13 (29.5) | 12 (24.5) | 0.583 |
| Hemoglobin ↓ | 12 (27.3) | 6 (12.2) | 0.067 |
| Abdominal pain | 10 (22.7) | 8 (16.3) | 0.435 |
| Bloating | 9 (20.5) | 11 (22.4) | 0.815 |
| Magnesium ↑ | 8 (18.2) | 12 (24.5) | 0.614 |
| Acid regurgitation | 8 (18.2) | 8 (16.3) | 0.813 |
| URI | 8 (18.2) | 6 (12.2) | 0.424 |
| Red blood cell ↓ | 7 (15.9) | 4 (8.2) | 0.248 |
| Sugar ↑ | 6 (13.6) | 9 (18.4) | 0.536 |
| Calcium ↓ | 6 (13.6) | 2 (4.1) | 0.143 |
| Sodium ↓ | 5 (11.4) | 2 (4.1) | 0.249 |
| Alkaline phosphatase ↑ | 4 (9.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0.186 |
| Albumin ↑ | 4 (9.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0.186 |
| Potassium ↑ | 4 (9.1) | 4 (8.2) | 1.000 |
| Phosphate ↑ | 4 (9.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0.186 |
| Nausea | 4 (9.1) | 7 (14.3) | 0.439 |
| White blood cell ↓ | 3 (6.8) | 2 (4.1) | 0.665 |
| Sugar ↓ | 3 (6.8) | 2 (4.1) | 0.665 |
| Blood urea nitrogen ↑ | 3 (6.8) | 5 (10.2) | 0.718 |
| Dizziness | 3 (6.8) | 1 (2.0) | 0.341 |
| Cough | 3 (6.8) | 4 (8.2) | 0.561 |
| Skin rash | 2 (4.5) | 3 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Platelet ↑ | 2 (4.5) | 3 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase ↑ | 2 (4.5) | 4 (8.2) | 0.680 |
| Alanine aminotransferase ↑ | 2 (4.5) | 3 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Creatinine ↑ | 2 (4.5) | 3 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Triglyceride ↑ | 2 (4.5) | 5 (10.2) | 0.440 |
| Vomiting | 2 (4.5) | 3 (6.1) | 1.000 |
| Diaper rash | 1 (2.3) | 5 (10.2) | 0.207 |
| Cholesterol ↑ | 1 (2.3) | 4 (8.2) | 0.365 |
| Cholesterol ↓ | 1 (2.3) | 3 (6.1) | 0.619 |
| Creatine phosphokinase ↑ | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1) | 0.244 |
| Uric acid ↑ | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1) | 0.244 |
| Pruritus | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1) | 0.244 |
| Chest tightness | 0 (0) | 3 (6.1) | 0.244 |
*A χ 2 test or Fisher exact test where appropriate was used to compare the number of patients with adverse events between two groups.