Figure 8. Mitochondria Are Required Locally for Axonal and Synapse Degeneration.
(A and B) Mutations in either the Drosophila JNK homolog bsk or in the NFκβ homolog dorsal do not suppress synaptic degeneration caused by a disrupted spectrin/ankyrin skeleton. dnJNK = elavC155-GAL4; dnbsk (n = 100 NMJs); α-spec = elavC155-GAL4; α-spec-RNAi (n = 57 NMJs); α-spec; dnJNK = elavC155-GAL4; α-spec-RNAi/+; dnbsk/+ (n = 106 NMJs); dl = dl1/dl1 (n = 100 NMJs); ank2 = ank22001/ank22001 (n = 75 NMJs); dl1; ank2 = dl1/dl1; ank22001/ank22001 (n = 77 NMJs).
(C) Mutations in miro suppress the synaptic degeneration caused by neuronally expressed α-spectrin-RNAi (p < 0.001). miro = elavC155-GAL4; miro B682/miro B682 (n = 88 NMJs); α-spec = elavC155-GAL4; α-spectrin-RNAi (n = 58 NMJs); α-spec; miro = elavC155-GAL4; α-spectrin-RNAi/+; miro B682/miro B682 (n = 209 NMJs).
(D) Representative images of third-instar muscle 6/7 NMJs stained with the presynaptic active zone marker Brp (green) and the postsynaptic marker Dlg (red). Neuronally expressed α-spectrin RNAi causes neuronal degeneration (top panel) and this is suppressed by the miro mutation (bottom panel).
(E–H) Mutations in known components of mitochondrial-dependent caspase signaling suppress ankyrin-dependent synaptic degeneration. (E) Mutations in debcl suppress ankyrin-dependent degeneration. debcl = debcl[E26]/debcl[E26] (n = 60); ank2 = ank22001/ank22001 (n = 151); decbl; ank = debcl[E26]/debcl[E26]; ank22001/ank22001(n = 103). (F) Representative images stained with presynaptic Brp (green) and postsynaptic Dlg (red). debcl mutant animal NMJs do not have any noticeable morphological abnormalities or synaptic degeneration (top panel); however, there is a significant suppression of ankyrin-dependent degeneration (bottom panel). (G) Mutations in dark suppress ankyrin2-dependent degeneration. dark = darkCD4/dark CD4 (n = 80); ank2 = ank22001/ank22001 (n = 60); dark; ank = darkCD4/dark CD4; ank22001/ank22001 (n = 160). (H) Representative images stained with presynaptic Brp (green) and postsynaptic Dlg (red). Animals mutant for dark that produce NMJs do not have any noticeable morphological abnormalities or synaptic degeneration (top panel); however, there is a significant suppression of ankyrin-dependent degeneration (bottom panel). Degeneration severity is measured as above.
Error bars represent SEM. p values were determined using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey-Kramer: *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. Statistical differences remain when comparisons are made using Student’s t test. n.s., not significant.
