Table 3.
Association Between Offspring Regular Smoking, Nicotine Dependence, and Suicidal Behavior in Males and Females Adjusted for Offspring Covariatesa
| Ideation | Ideation + plan | Ideation + plan + attempt or ideation + attempt | |
| Males | |||
| Age | 1.04 (0.99–1.08) | 0.99 (0.90–1.08) | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) |
| Offspring conduct disorder | 1.47 (0.75–2.90) | 5.86 (2.43–14.13) | 1.17 (0.39–3.51) |
| Offspring major depression | 4.79 (2.74–8.35) | 4.13 (1.46–11.66) | 8.41 (3.51–20.12) |
| Offspring alcohol abuse/dependence | 1.06 (0.61–1.83) | 1.35 (0.50–1.09) | 1.30 (0.45–3.76) |
| Offspring illicit drug abuse/dependence | 2.16 (1.26–3.71) | 1.78 (0.66–4.77) | 1.55 (0.55–4.37) |
| Offspring smoking | |||
| Never | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Ever | 1.09 (0.65–1.81) | 3.15 (0.67–14.88) | 1.60 (0.35–7.30) |
| Regular smoking | 1.22 (0.63–2.39) | 4.83 (0.94–24.88) | 2.63 (0.53–12.98) |
| Nicotine dependence | 0.93 (0.47–1.85) | 3.40 (0.71–19.31) | 7.31 (1.95–27.49) |
| Females | |||
| Age | 1.0 (0.97–1.05) | 0.99 (0.91–1.07) | 1.0 (0.93–1.08) |
| Offspring conduct disorder | 2.33 (0.90–6.07) | 1.91 (0.51–7.12) | 5.74 (1.96–16.85) |
| Offspring major depression | 5.01 (3.11–8.07) | 10.79 (5.05–23.06) | 9.28 (5.05–17.05) |
| Offspring alcohol abuse/dependence | 2.12 (1.20–3.74) | 3.20 (1.15–8.93) | 1.82 (0.75–4.44) |
| Offspring illicit drug abuse/dependence | 1.93 (1.14–3.27) | 3.15 (1.18–8.40) | 1.99 (0.95–4.14) |
| Offspring smoking | |||
| Never | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Ever | 1.32 (0.83–2.10) | 0.56 (0.20–1.52) | 1.64 (0.67–4.03) |
| Regular smoking | 1.06 (0.59–1.90) | 0.77 (0.25–2.37) | 3.06 (1.16–8.12) |
| Nicotine dependence | 1.20 (0.60–2.39) | 1.09 (0.36–3.30) | 3.27 (1.22–8.78) |
Note. aAdjusted for seven-level sampling design variable and missing maternal data variable. Bold text indicates significant odds ratio.