Table 1:
Characteristics of 31 506 participants from the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND trials, together and grouped by atrial fibrillation status
| Characteristic | All participants, no. (%)* n = 31 506 |
No atrial fibrillation, no. (%)* n = 29 916 |
Atrial fibrillation at baseline, no. (%)* n =1 016 |
Atrial fibrillation at follow-up, no. (%)* n = 2 052 |
p value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr, mean (SD) | 66.5 (7.2) | 66.3 (7.2) | 70.3 (6.9) | 69.0 (7.1) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline MMSE | 27.7 (2.9) | 27.7 (2.9) | 27.0 (3.5) | 27.6 (3.0) | < 0.001 |
| Female sex | 9 360 (29.7) | 8 885 (29.7) | 277 (27.3) | 526 (25.6) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine level, μmol/L, mean (SD) | 93.9 (24.6) | 93.7 (24.4) | 99.4 (27.5) | 98.2 (25.6) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 141.6 (17.3) | 141.7 (17.3) | 139.2 (17.9) | 143.8 (17.5) | 0.02 |
| Change in systolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | −5.5 (21.8) | −5.5 (21.8) | −4.9 (23.2) | −8.6 (23.1) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 28.1 (4.5) | 28.1 (4.5) | 28.5 (4.9) | 28.6 (4.7) | < 0.001 |
| Previous MI | 15 285 (48.5) | 14 569 (48.7) | 418 (41.1) | 1 064 (51.8) | 0.9 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 6 632 (21.0) | 6 134 (20.5) | 374 (36.8) | 475 (23.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 22 116 (70.2) | 20 985 (70.1) | 760 (74.8) | 1 562 (76.1) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 719 (37.2) | 11 171 (37.3) | 367 (36.1) | 683 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | < 0.001 | ||||
| Never | 11 846 (37.6) | 11 197 (37.4) | 405 (39.9) | 714 (34.8) | |
| Current | 3 802 (12.1) | 3 636 (12.2) | 78 (7.7) | 201 (9.8) | |
| Former | 15 819 (50.2) | 15 050 (50.3) | 533 (52.5) | 1 136 (55.3) | |
| Alcohol consumption | < 0.001 | ||||
| Never/former | 19 311 (61.3) | 18 338 (61.3) | 602 (59.3) | 1 144 (55.7) | |
| Moderate | 11 596 (36.8) | 11 003 (36.8) | 401 (39.5) | 861 (42.0) | |
| Binge drinking | 591 (1.9) | 573 (1.9) | 13 (1.3) | 47 (2.3) | |
| Level of education | 0.04 | ||||
| None | 1 156 (3.7) | 1 080 (3.6) | 38 (3.7) | 76 (3.7) | |
| 1–8 yr | 9 482 (30.1) | 8 962 (30.0) | 341 (33.6) | 580 (28.3) | |
| 9 –12 yr | 9 305 (29.5) | 8 816 (29.5) | 301 (29.6) | 605 (29.5) | |
| Trade/technical | 5 613 (17.8) | 5 338 (17.8) | 176 (17.3) | 420 (20.5) | |
| College/university | 5 936 (18.8) | 5 718 (19.1) | 160 (15.7) | 371 (18.1) | |
| Level of physical activity | 0.1 | ||||
| Sedentary | 7 284 (23.1) | 6 839 (22.9) | 270 (26.6) | 453 (22.1) | |
| Exercise < 1 time/wk | 3 633 (11.5) | 3 359 (11.2) | 129 (12.7) | 250 (12.2) | |
| Exercise 2–4 times/wk | 7 191 (22.8) | 6 843 (22.9) | 213 (21.0) | 490 (23.9) | |
| Exercise 5–6 times/wk | 2 398 (7.6) | 2 302 (7.7) | 80 (7.9) | 155 (7.6) | |
| Daily exercise | 10 982 (34.9) | 10 568 (35.3) | 324 (31.9) | 704 (34.3) | |
| Antithrombotic therapy | < 0.001 | ||||
| Antiplatelet therapy | 24 644 (78.2) | 23 892 (79.9) | 308 (30.3) | 1 560 (76.0) | |
| Anticoagulant therapy or antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy | 2 357 (7.5) | 1 668 (5.6) | 634 (62.4) | 262 (12.8) | |
| Statin therapy | 19 036 (60.4) | 18 204 (60.9) | 509 (50.1) | 1 279 (62.3) | < 0.01 |
| Ramipril | 8 564 (27.2) | 8 133 (27.2) | 273 (26.9) | 585 (28.5) | 0.6 |
| Telmisartan | 11 482 (36.4) | 10 905 (36.5) | 375 (36.9) | 742 (36.2) | |
| Combination therapy (ramipril and telmisartan) | 8 491 (27.0) | 8 056 (26.9) | 275 (27.1) | 543 (26.5) | |
| Placebo | 2 969 (9.4) | 2 822 (9.4) | 93 (9.2) | 182 (8.9) |
Note: BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, MI = myocardial infarction, MMSE = Mini–Mental State Examination, SD = standard deviation, TIA = transient ischemic attack.
*
Unless otherwise specified.
†
Univariable comparison between participants with atrial fibrillation (baseline or follow-up) and participants without atrial fibrillation.