FIG. 2.

Verapamil effects on TXNIP promoter activity. INS-1 cells were grown in 12-well plates and transfected with different TXNIP promoter reporter plasmids (0.4 μg/well) together with pRL-TK control plasmid (20 ng/well) using DharmaFECT Duo transfection reagent (1 μL/well). Verapamil was added to the medium with a final concentration of 100 μmol/L. At 24 h after transfection, cells were harvested and luciferase activity was determined by Dual Luciferase assay kit. Bars represent mean luciferase activity ± SEM of at least three independent experiments as compared with no verapamil control.