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. 2012 Mar 1;106(7):1280–1287. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.58

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Copyright © 2012 Cancer Research UK

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Schematic for the mathematical model. The model tracks concentrations of carbon dioxide, protons and bicarbonate in the blood and tumour compartments. Renal filtration regulates blood levels of bicarbonate through glomerular filtration and acid secretion. The blood receives a constant input of protons and carbon dioxide from the normal tissues. Excess carbon dioxide in the blood is lost through ventilation. The tumour produces acid and carbon dioxide, and all ions can enter and exit the tumour tissue via the tumour vasculature. Reproduced with permission from Martin et al (2011).