Table 3.
Patient/ sex/age | Seizure type | Developmental milestones | Neurological examination | EEG findings | MRI characteristics of heterotopia |
1/F/13 yr | Mixed | Delayed speech, motor | Nystagmus, dysartheria, spasticity | Generalized spike-wave | Bilateral diffuse thick bands at fronto-parietal lobes and pachygyria |
2/F/4 yr | Tonic-clonic, myoclonic | Delayed motor | Microcephaly, bilateral spasticity | Generalized slow waves, polyphasic waves | Bilateral diffuse thick bands at both occipital lobes and pachygyria |
3/F/9 mo | Infantile spasms | Delayed speech, motor | Spasticity, hyperactive reflexes | hypsarrhythmia | Bilateral diffuse thick bands at both fronto-parietal lobes and lissencephaly |
M: Male; F: Female; EEG: Electroencephalography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.