Fig. 1.

A schematic of the loudspeaker ring and infrared markers. Listeners were seated at the center of a 1.9 m diameter ring of 24 loudspeakers arranged in 15° intervals. Listeners wore a crown to which were attached an array of retroreflective markers. The 3D positions of these markers were used to establish the yaw pitch and roll and the listener’s head. Yaw is reported relative to the target loudspeaker, pitch relative to the plane of the loudspeaker ring, and roll relative to the vertical axis.