Figure 1.
Local binary patterns (LBP) are defined for an image (A) based on its grayscale values. For every 3 × 3 pixel neighborhood (B) within the image, an LBP code is generated by thresholding the surrounding pixels using the value of the central pixel (C-D). A histogram (E) of the all LBP codes within the analyzed image is formed to represent texture properties of the image