Table 2. Electron microscopy of VLPs in C. elegans strains.

Genotype or Condition (20–23°C)	Strain	Defective Protein or Pathway	VLP-positive germ cells (%)	Germ cells scored
control	N2		3.9	563
spontaneous steriles	N2		0.0	334
heat shock: 34°C for 45 min, 4 hr recovery	N2		2.4	430
adr-1(gv6); adr-2(gv42)	BB4	RNA editing; [70]	0.8	777
dcr-1(ok247)	BB1	Dicer; [71]	0.5	743
rde-1(ne300);ced-1(e1735);ced-3(n717)	JJ2230	defective in RNAi and cell death pathways; increases titer of viruses in infected cultured cells; [11], [12], [13], [14]	4.0	155
rde-1(ne300);ced-1(e1735);ced-3(n717) day 5 adults	JJ2230	defective in RNAi and cell death pathways; increases titer of viruses in infected cultured cells; [11], [12], [13], [14]	0.6	997
ppw-1(pk2505)	NL2550	defective in germline RNAi; [72]	0.0	968
prg-1(n4357); prg-2(n4358)	MT14769	Piwi proteins; mutants defective in transposon silencing; [73], [74],	0.0	356
kgb-1(um3);kgb-2(km16)	KB7	P granule regulation; [75]	0.2	553
alg-1(RNAi); alg-2(ok304)	WM53	microRNA pathway; [76]	8.0	510
MAGO12	WM191	mutations in each of 12 Argonaute proteins, RNAi defective; [77]	5.5	604
unc-119(ed3); arIs37; cdIs32[pcc1::DT-A(E148D); unc-119(+) pmyo2::GFP]	NP17	no coelomocytes; [78]	6.7	134
Cer1(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	0.0	1213
Cer2(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	5.9	669
Cer3(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	5.5	599
Cer4(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	3.8	739
Cer5(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	6.3	642
Cer6(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrotransposon; [8]	5.1	622
Cer13(RNAi)	N2	LTR retrovirus; [8]	2.6	728