(a) The phenotypes of the wild type (left) and tad1 (right). Scale bar, 10 cm. (b) Comparison of tiller number between the wild type (left) and tad1 (right). Values are means with s.e. (n=35 plants). The double asterisks represent the significant difference determined by the t-test at P<0.01. (c) Comparison of plant height between the wild type (left) and tad1 (right). Scale bar, 10 cm. (d) The panicle and flag leaf of the wild type. Scale bar, 3 cm. (e) The panicle and flag leaf of tad1. Scale bar, 3 cm. (f) Map-based cloning of TAD1. TAD1 was mapped in a 22.5-kb DNA region between the molecular markers, RM523 and S1273, on chromosome 3. Blue arrows represent the four predicted open reading frames, the red arrow indicates a single base substitution in the second exon of LOC_Os03g03150 in tad1 and the red letter represents the mutation of G to A that results in a stop codon TGA. (g) Growth of S. pombe transformed with pREP5N-TAD1, pREP5N-SRW1 and the empty vector pREP5N in the presence and absence of thiamine. (h) Phenotypes of S. pombe cells transformed with pREP2-TAD1 and the empty vector pREP2 in the absence of thiamine. Scale bars, 10 μm.