Table 1.

Experimental animal models of autoimmune pancreatitis.

Animal	Organs with lesions	Induction	Effector cells	Reference
MICROORGANISMS RELATED INDUCTION
SMA mice	Pancreas	K. pneumoniae, pancreatic extract	?	Yamaki et al. (1980)
MRL/Mp, MRL/lpr mice	Pancreas	poly (I:C)	CD4+ T cells	Qu et al. (2002)
MRL/Mp mice	Pancreas	poly (I:C)	?	Soga et al. (2009)
				Asada et al. (2010)
				Nishio et al. (2011)
IL-10KO mice	Pancreas	poly (I:C), LPS	?	Nishio et al. (2011)
C57BL/6 mice	Pancreas, salivary gland, bile duct, kidney, lung	LP-BM5	CD4+ T cells	Suzuki et al. (1993) Watanabe et al. (2003)
C57BL/6 mice	Pancreas, salivary gland	E. coli	T cells	Haruta et al. (2010a)
SPECIFIC INDUCTION (EXCEPT MICROORGANISMS)
DA(RP) rats	?	Amylase-specific T cell	CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	Davidson et al. (2005)
Lewis rats	Pancreas
PL/J mice (H-2u), (H-2s)	Pancreas, salivary gland	CA-II	?	Nishimori et al. (1995)
nTx-BALBc mice and nude mice	Pancreas, salivary gland, bile duct	CA-II, LF	CD4+ Th1 cells	Uchida et al. (2002)
SPONTANEOUS INDUCTION
MRL/Mp mice	Pancreas, salivary gland	Spontaneous	T cells	Kanno et al. (1992)
				Hosaka et al. (1996)
aly/aly mice	Pancreas	Spontaneous	CD4+ T cells	Tsubata et al. (1996)
				Nakamura et al. (2007)
				Wang et al. (2010)
WBN/Kob rats	Pancreas, salivary gland, thyroid, bile duct, kidney	Spontaneous	CD8+ T cells	Sakaguchi et al. (2008)
MHC-II −/− mice	Pancreas	Spontaneous	CD8+ T cells	Vallance et al. (1998)
T-cell+ HLA-DR*0405Ab0 NOD mice	Pancreas	Spontaneous	?	Freitag et al. (2010)
Tgfbr2(fspKO) mice	Pancreas	Spontaneous	CD4+ T cells	Boomershine et al. (2009)
NOD.CD28KO mice	Pancreas	Spontaneous	CD4+ T cells	Meagher et al. (2008)

CA-II, carbonic anhydrase II, LF, lactoferrin; PSTI, pancreatic secretary trypsin inhibitor; poly I:C, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid; nTx, neonatal thymectomy. Modified from references Frulloni et al. (2009), Takizawa et al. (2009), and Yanagisawa et al. (2011).