Table 3.

Genome expression of dengue infection

	Population	Subjects	Sampling time	Genes (abundant) expression associated with DI	Gene expression associated with DSS	Reference
1	Vietnamese adults	6 DSS: 8 non-DSS: 4 control (2nd)	- Admission - A month later	The ER stress response, cellular mitotic activity, B cell activation, innate immune response, apoptosis & oxygen transport.	Increased B cell activation. Decreased ISGs, IFN-regulated, immune response.	45
2	Singapore adults	10 DF: 10 non-dengue	- before day3 - day 7 - 3–4 weeks later	NF-KB (IP-10), type I IFN (I-TAC) and ubiquitin proteasome.	NA	51
3	Thai children	1 DSS: 3 DHF : 5 DF	- Admission - A month later	Metabolic and signal transduction, IFN-inducible and IFN-induced genes.	Decreased both innate & acquired immune responses: cytokine/chemokine signaling molecule production, T and B cell activation, & killer cell activation.	52
4	Vietnamese (adult?)	9 DSS: 9 non-DSS	- Day 4 - A month later	Oxidative metabolism, interferon signaling, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, and cytokines.	Decreased apoptotic and type I IFN pathways.	9
5	Cambodian children	19 DSS: 13 DHF: 16 DF	–	–	Decreased T, NK lymphocyte responses, increased anti-inflammatory, repair/remodeling transcripts, innate immunity, inflammation and lipid metabolism.	53
6	Singapore adults	31 DI: 26 non- den	- before day3 - day 4–7 - 3–4 weeks later	Innate immune response: IFN-signaling, pathogen recognition, and complement activation, biosynthesis, metabolism. Decreased T cell associated pathways.	NA	54

Note: DF: dengue fever, DHF: dengue hemorrhagic fever, DSS: dengue shock syndrome, DI: dengue infection, 2nd: Secondary infection, ER: endoplasmic reticulum, ISGs: IFN-stimulated genes, NA: not applicable