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A) Diversity of pre-existing antibodies and DENV. In DENV-infected patients with secondary infection, the diverse antibody population and the diverse DENV population exist at a very early stage of infection. B) Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies block DENV infection. On the other hand, non-neutralizing antibodies enhance DENV infection through ADE. DENV infection is positively and negatively regulated by pre-existing antibodies.
