Table 1.
Comparison of Baseline Demographics and Characteristics Between African American and Caucasian Subjects in the CONFIRMS Trial
| Variable | African American N = 228 | Caucasian N = 1,863 | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Male | 204 (89.5) | 1,768 (94.9) | < 0.001 |
| Female | 24 (10.5) | 95 (5.1) | |
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean ± SD | 53.2 ± 10.45 | 53.0 ± 11.80 | 0.799 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | |||
| Mean ± SD | 34.0 ± 7.47 | 32.8 ± 6.09 | 0.006 |
| Alcohol Use, n (%) | |||
| Non-/Ex-drinker | 88 (38.6) | 563 (30.2) | 0.010 |
| Drinker (1-14 drinks/week) | 140 (61.4) | 1,300 (69.8) | |
| Tobacco Use, n (%) | |||
| Non-/Ex-tobacco User | 177 (77.6) | 1,528 (82.0) | 0.107 |
| Tobacco User | 51 (22.4) | 335 (18.0) | |
| Serum Urate (mg/dL) | |||
| Mean ± SD | 9.8 ± 1.24 | 9.5 ± 1.16 | < 0.001 |
| Years with Gout | |||
| Mean ± SD | 10.4 ± 8.28 | 11.8 ± 9.49 | 0.030 |
| Tophi Present, n (%) | |||
| No | 169 (74.1) | 1,482 (79.5) | 0.058 |
| Yes | 59 (25.9) | 381 (20.5) | |
| Renal Function,b n (%) | |||
| Moderately Impaired | 69 (30.3) | 299 (16.0) | < 0.001 |
| Mildly Impaired | 109 (47.8) | 884 (47.5) | |
| Normal | 50 (21.9) | 680 (36.5) | |
| Medical History, n (%) | |||
| Any cardiovascular disease | 170 (74.6) | 1,024 (55.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 165 (72.4) | 937 (50.3) | < 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 25 (11.0) | 161 (8.6) | 0.245 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 19 (8.3) | 202 (10.8) | 0.245 |
| Diabetes | 57 (25.0) | 229 (12.3) | < 0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 19 (8.3) | 130 (7.0) | 0.454 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 83 (36.4) | 776 (41.7) | 0.128 |
| Use of low-dose aspirin (≤ 325 mg daily) | 40 (17.5) | 343 (18.4) | 0.749 |
ap values determined from analysis of variance model for age, body mass index, baseline serum urate, and years with gout, and by Fisher's exact test for all other variables.
bModerate baseline renal impairment: estimated creatinine clearance (eCLcr) 30 to < 60 mL/min; mild baseline renal impairment: eCLcr 60 to < 90 mL/min; normal: eCLcr ≥ 90 mL/min.