Table 2.
Study population characteristics and association between enrolment in NHIF and explanatory variables
| Enrolled in NHIF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Variables | Total Number | N (%) | N (%) | p-values |
| Employment sector | ||||
| Formal employment | 3,007 | 1,434 (47.69) | 1,573 (52.31) | *** |
| Informal employment | 6,000 | 180 (3.00) | 2,113 (97.00) | |
| Participates in National Social Security Fund (NSSF) | ||||
| Yes | 1,982 | 1,608 (81.13) | 374 (18.87) | *** |
| No | 14,358 | 137 (0.95) | 14,221 (99.05) | |
| Participates in savings and credit cooperative organizations (SACCOs) | ||||
| Yes | 517 | 465 (89.94) | 52 (10.06) | *** |
| No | 15,821 | 1,280 (8.09) | 14,541 (91.91) | |
| Participates in community-based savings groups | ||||
| Yes | 2,328 | 493 (21.18) | 1,835 (78.82) | *** |
| No | 14,012 | 1,251 (8.93) | 12,761 (91.07) | |
| Income in the last one month | ||||
| Poor | 2,510 | 60 (2.39) | 2,450 (97.61) | *** |
| Non-poor | 5,827 | 1,408 (24.16) | 4,419(75.84) | |
| Don't know/missing | 667 | 145 (21.74) | 522 (78.26) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 8,699 | 1,413 (16.24) | 7,286 (83.76) | *** |
| Female | 7,643 | 332 (4.34) | 7,311 (95.66) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Currently in union | 7,399 | 1,190 (16.08) | 6,209 (83.92) | *** |
| Formerly in union | 907 | 42 (4.63) | 865 (95.37) | |
| Never in union | 4,989 | 171 (3.43) | 4,818 (96.57) | |
| Age of respondents | ||||
| Less than 24 years | 3,992 | 45 (1.13) | 3,947 (98.87) | *** |
| 24-29 years | 3,096 | 177 (5.72) | 2,919 (94.28) | |
| 30-39 years | 4,213 | 638 (15.14) | 3,575 (84.86) | |
| 40-49 years | 2,174 | 437 (20.10) | 1,737 (79.90) | |
| 50+ years | 2,867 | 448 (15.63) | 2,419 (84.37) | |
| Education | ||||
| Never attended school | 1,123 | 33 (2.94) | 1,090 (97.06) | *** |
| Primary | 10,540 | 801 (7.60) | 9,739 (92.40) | |
| Secondary/higher | 4,327 | 871 (20.13) | 3,456 (79.87) | |
| Slum residence | ||||
| Korogocho | 7,741 | 207 (2.67) | 7,534 (97.33) | *** |
| Viwandani | 8,601 | 1,538 (17.88) | 7,063 (82.12) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Kikuyu | 5,535 | 347 (6.27) | 5,188 (93.73) | *** |
| Luhya | 2,210 | 252 (11.40) | 1,958 (88.60) | |
| Luo | 2,394 | 142 (5.93) | 2,252 (94.07) | |
| Kamba | 3,871 | 756 (19.53) | 3,115 (80.47) | |
| Other | 2,302 | 247 (10.73) | 2,055 (89.27) | |
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; X2 used to test the association between enrolment in the NHIF and explanatory variables