Figure 3.

Increase of overall mass transfer when the streamer tail begins to vibrate. (a) Overall Sherwood number, $\overline{Sh}$, increasing from an immobile steady state (t = 0) to the oscillatory quasi-steady state (t ≈ 1 s). (b) Evolution of the ${\overline{Sh}}_{tail}$ evaluated only over the streamer tail, from the immobile to oscillatory steady-state. (c) Displacement of the streamer tip in time. Simulation conditions: E_B = 4000 Pa, u₀ = 0.4 m/s.