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Distribution of vy among a subpopulation of 1035 bacteria that swim at 24 μm/s (deduced) on average (range: 22.5–25.5 μm/s) at a shear rate of 2.9 s−1. While the mean vy is 2.4 μm/s, 7.2% of the cells swim upstream much faster (> 20 μm/s). Others get dragged downstream, either because they happen to face away from the +y direction as they swim on the surface, or simply because they are somewhat farther away from the surface itself and the local flow they experience is faster.
