Figure 1.

Schematic overview of the procedure. Training Phase 1: E ostensively drew attention to object 1 and then labeled it four times using multimodal labels. The same was repeated for object 2. Training Phase 2: E announced her intention to find object 1. She then found it and ostensively labeled it four times. The same was repeated for object 2. Test Phase (depicts 1 of 4 trials): E looked up and, according to the condition, asked infants where object 1 was, using either a word, a word + gesture or a gesture. This was followed by a 6-s test phase, in which E gazed straight ahead for 6 s. Note: For all multimodal combinations, the word and gesture occurred simultaneously. The approximate duration of the gesture was 1 s and the approximate duration of the word was 500 ms.