Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of normoalbuminuric (NA) and microalbuminuric (MA) type 2 diabetic patients.
| Characteristics | NA 1a | MA 1a | NA 2b | MA 2b | NA 3c | MA 3c | NA 4d | MA 4d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 9) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) | (n = 16) | (n = 16) | |
| Gender (M/F) | 4/5 | 5/4 | 5/4 | 4/5 | 5/4 | 4/5 | 9/7 | 9/7 |
| Mean age (years) | 62.4 ± 8.0 (49–72) |
66.4 ± 7.8 (55–82) |
60.7 ± 4.7 (54–67) |
61.9 ± 2.7 (56–65) |
64.9 ± 5.3 (56–73) |
62.3 ± 4.4 (41–72) |
63.7 ± 7.5 (49–72) |
63.2 ± 9.8 (44–82) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 9.1 ± 4.4 | 10.4 ± 7.0 | 8.7 ± 5.0 | 7.3 ± 4.7 | 13.0 ± 9.0 | 10.6 ± 7.7 | 9.9 ± 4.8 | 11.6 ± 7.3 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4 ± 3.0 | 24.9 ± 3.3 | 23.8 ± 2.1 | 24.9 ± 3.6 | 23.1 ± 2.7 | 22.6 ± 2.6 | 24.4 ± 2.9 | 25.1 ± 2.9 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 130.8 ± 21.1 | 133.8 ± 36.4 | 131.3 ± 31.9 | 135.8 ± 41.3 | 117.8 ± 21.7 | 117.6 ± 26.6 | 132.4 ± 19.2 | 144.8 ± 35.7 |
| HbA1C (%) | 6.8 ± 0.7 | 6.8 ± 0.9 | 6.9 ± 0.7 | 7.4 ± 0.8 | 7.2 ± 0.7 | 7.2 ± 0.7 | 6.8 ± 0.6 | 7.0 ± 0.8 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 15.1 ± 4.8 | 17.1 ± 4.9 | 13.8 ± 2.4 | 15.7 ± 3.9 | 16.8 ± 3.4 | 17.7 ± 4.4 | 15.1 ± 3.9 | 16.4 ± 4.1 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.98 ± 0.13 | 1.0 ± 0.15 |
| Serum total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184.4 ± 34.5 | 180.6 ± 29.1 | 164.2 ± 25.5 | 165.6 ± 24.5 | 164.9 ± 22.2 | 175.4 ± 50.7 | 181.5 ± 29.7 | 182.1 ± 25.5 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 48.1 ± 12.2 | 46.1 ± 8.8 | 52.3 ± 9.5 | 48.9 ± 8.3 | 55.0 ± 7.8 | 41.5 ± 4.7 | 46.4 ± 10.8 | 46.8 ± 7.7 |
| Serum LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 99.8 ± 26.6 | 102.6 ± 22.3 | 91.0 ± 21.6 | 92.0 ± 27.6 | 85.9 ± 20.3 | 98.8 ± 30.0 | 102.0 ± 23.4 | 104.1 ± 19.7 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dL) | 119.9 ± 37.0 | 158.6 ± 55.9 | 132.9 ± 66.1 | 177 ± 134.7 | 128.3 ± 82.8 | 186.3 ± 66.8 | 126.5 ± 56.5 | 145.4 ± 51.6 |
| Albumin : creatinine ratio (mg/g) | 12.2 ± 7.1 | 120.5 ± 70.7e | 10.0 ± 3.6 | 82.6 ± 41.9f | 8.8 ± 1.6 | 86.1 ± 47.1g | 9.8 ± 6.9 | 107.4 ± 69.4 h |
| Pooled urine concentration (mg/mL) | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 6.9 ± 3.4 | 4.1 ± 1.2 | 8.1 ± 4.2 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 7.6 ± 3.8 | 4.3 ± 1.8 | 7.1 ± 4.5 |
a–cSample sets for the three iTRAQ experiments, dsample sets for 2-DE, e P < 0.001 for NA1 versus MA1, f P < 0.001 for NA2 versus MA2, g P < 0.05 for NA3 versus MA3, and h P < 0.001 for NA4 versus MA4. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.