TABLE 3.
Association Between ACE Score and First Hospitalization of Any of 21 Autoimmune Diseases Identified Through Hospital Discharge Records Between Baseline and December 31, 2005 Among 15,357 Adults by Sex: Adverse Childhood Experiences Study 1995 to 2005
| Person-Years | Hospitalizations With Autoimmune Diseases (No.)a | Unadjusted Rate (per 10,000 Person-Years) | Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | 61,688 | 194 | 31.4 | ||
| ACE Score | 0 | 22,010 | 69 | 31.3 | 1.0 (referent) |
| 1 | 15,511 | 37 | 23.8 | 01.4 (1.0–2.1) | |
| 2 | 15,572 | 53 | 34.0 | 2.1 (1.4–3.2) | |
| ≥3 | 8596 | 35 | 40.7 | 2.1 (1.4–3.2) | |
| Men | 51,723 | 178 | 34.4 | ||
| ACE Score | 0 | 20,148 | 69 | 34.2 | 1.0 (referent) |
| 1 | 14,472 | 46 | 31.8 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | |
| 2 | 12,642 | 49 | 38.8 | 1.6 (0.9–2.9) | |
| ≥3 | 4460 | 14 | 31.4 | 1.6 (0.9–2.9) |
ACE = adverse childhood experience; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.
Autoimmune diseases: Addison's disease, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura, celiac disease, dermatomyositis, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, idiopathic myocarditis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, irritable bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, pernicious anemia, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, Sjogren disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, and Wegener granulomatosis.
HR and 95% CI obtained from sex-specific Cox proportional hazards regression model that included ACE score, age, and race.