Table 1.

Descriptions of the four C. gattii molecular types.

Molecular type	Clinical features	Environmental features	Distribution
VGI	Most common molecular type in humans and animals and highly clonal	Commonly associated with Eucalyptus trees, particularly in Australia [17,58]	Global with high distribution in Australia
VGII	Responsible for Pacific Northwest outbreak, clonal in outbreak region but diverse globally, highly virulent genotypes (VGIIa, VGIIc) identified	Associated with native tree species, with common isolation from Douglas-fir and Alder trees in British Columbia [59]	Global, also the cause of the first outbreak in a temperate climate on Vancouver Island
VGIII	Frequently associated with infection of HIV/AIDS patients	Isolates are highly fertile, and have been found in Corymbia ficifolia (Red Flowering Gum, Colombia) [124] and Eucalyptus (California) [22]	Global, high levels observed in Southern California, Mexico, and South America
VGIV	Frequently associated with infection of HIV/AIDS patients	Largely unknown, but one positive isolate from an Almond tree [43,125,126]	Rare, reported in Africa, India, and South America