Table 1.
Demographic Variables by Diagnostic Group
| Probands (N = 156)
| |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD Only (n = 25) | DBD Only (n = 30) | DBD+Int (n = 43) | No Diagnosis (n = 58) | Statistic (df) | |
| Gender (male) | 52% | 73% | 81% | 47% | χ2(3) = 15.46** |
| Age (yr), mean (SD) | 10.56 (2.40) | 10.97 (3.22) | 11.05 (2.56) | 10.59 (3.21) | F(3,152) = 0.29 |
| SES, mean (SD) | 6.52 (2.00) | 6.10 (2.35) | 6.39 (2.26) | 6.48 (2.15) | F(3,152) = 0.61 |
| CBCL total problems, mean (SD) | 40.92 (22.03)b | 58.14 (26.04)b,c | 67.64 (29.86)c | 22.22 (19.62)a | F(3,148) = 31.85*** |
| Diagnosis | |||||
| ADHD % yes | 100 | 77 | 86 | ||
| ODD % yes | 0 | 93 | 74 | ||
| CD % yes | 0 | 47 | 46 | ||
| SUD % yes | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| GAD % yes | 0 | 0 | 70 | ||
| OCD % yes | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| SAD % yes | 0 | 0 | 37 | ||
| MDD % yes | 0 | 0 | 65 | ||
| BDP % yes | 0 | 0 | 42 | ||
| Dysth % yes | 0 | 0 | 9 | ||
|
| |||||
| Siblings (N = 154)
| |||||
| ADHD Only (n = 24) | DBD Only (n = 32) | DBD+Int (n = 23) | No Diagnosis (n = 75) | Statistic (df) | |
|
| |||||
| Gender (male) | 62% | 81% | 65% | 45% | χ2(3) = 12.76** |
| Age (yr), mean (SD) | 10.13 (3.15) | 10.56 (2.75) | 11.70 (3.11) | 10.84 (3.73) | F(3,150) = 0.92 |
| SES, mean (SD) | 7.04 (1.80) | 6.00 (2.21) | 5.65 (2.67) | 7.03 (1.72) | F(3,150) = 4.19** |
| CBCL total problems, mean (SD) | 34.35 (17.36)b | 42.78 (23.62)b | 64.26 (31.71)c | 13.67 (11.11)a | F(3,141) = 43.57*** |
| Diagnosis | |||||
| ADHD % yes | 100 | 62 | 87 | ||
| ODD % yes | 0 | 97 | 74 | ||
| CD % yes | 0 | 28 | 39 | ||
| SUD % yes | 0 | 3 | 4 | ||
| GAD % yes | 0 | 0 | 39 | ||
| OCD % yes | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||
| SAD % yes | 0 | 0 | 48 | ||
| MDD % yes | 0 | 0 | 43 | ||
| BDP % yes | 0 | 0 | 43 | ||
| Dysth % yes | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||
DBD+Int, disruptive behavior disorder plus an affective and/or anxiety disorder; SES, socioeconomic status; CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist; ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ODD, oppositional defiant disorder; CD, conduct disorder; SUD, substance use disorder; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; SAD, separation anxiety disorder; MDD, major depressive disorder; BPD, bipolar disorder; Dysth, dysthymic disorder.
Groups with the same letter do not significantly differ (p < .05) from each other using pairwise comparison (Tukey’s honestly significant difference test).
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001.