Table 1.

Formulation of mPRDC refolding solutions

Solution a	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Tris HCl pH 8.5 (50 mM)									--b	--c
NaCl (150 mM)							--d
GSH/GSSG (5 mM/5 mM)					--e	--f
Cysteine (0.5 mM)								--g
EDTA (5 mM)
Arginine (0.5 M)		--h	--i	--j
% Inhibitionk	98.5	39.6	0	0	98.2	93.4	92.8	97.3	87.3	98.4
Yield (μg/μl)l	0.05	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.03
Precipitationm	*	***	***	*****	*	*	***	**	**	**

^aComponents used for each solution unless otherwise noted:

^bTris HCl, pH 7.4;

^cMES pH 5;

^d1 M NaCl;

^e5 mM/1 mM GSH/GSSG;

^f1 mM/5 mM GSH/GSSG;

^g0mM cysteine,

^h1% CHAPS;

ⁱ1% sodiumtaurodeoxycholate;

^jNo arginine.

^kInhibitory activity of 10 μl of refolded, dialyzed protein on BMP2 signaling in the luciferase reporter assay.

^lTotal protein recovery as measured by BCA.

^mPrecipitation was scored using a five-point scale from one

^*indicating no precipitation to five

^*****indicating mostly precipitated.