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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Fertil Steril. 2012 Jan 23;97(4):959–967.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.01.090

Table 2.

Bivariate analyses of risk factors for pregnancy outcome (pregnant vs. non pregnant; live birth vs. non live birth)

Characteristic N Pregnancy rate per couple % p value Live birth rate per couple %* p value
Treatment
 ICI 170 8.2 <0.001 5.9 <0.001
 IUI 171 17.5 15.2
 COS-ICI 159 21.4 16.4
 COS-IUI 164 34.2 23.2
Sociodemographics
Women age (years)
 20–29 169 21.9 0.734 18.3 0.379
 30–34 306 19.0 13.7
 35–40 189 20.6 14.3
Men Age (years)
 20–29 95 23.2 0.696 17.9 0.666
 30–39 508 19.9 14.8
 40–55 61 18.0 13.1
Women race
 White 601 19.6 0.316 14.6 0.806
 Black 19 36.8 21.1
 Asian 32 21.9 18.8
 Other 12 16.7 16.7
Men race
 White 606 19.0 0.105 14.4 0.431
 Black 18 38.9 22.2
 Asian 30 30.0 23.3
 Other 10 30.0 20.0
Women Body mass index (kg/m2)
 <=25 450 19.1 0.318 14.4 0.620
 25–30 95 23.2 17.9
 >30 53 28.3 18.9
Women educational level
 High school 108 18.5 0.430 12.0 0.626
 College 469 19.6 15.6
 Post college 87 25.3 16.1
Men educational level
 High school 113 19.5 0.974 15.0 0.940
 College 431 20.4 15.3
 Post college 120 20.0 14.2
Infertility risk factors (Women)
Pregnant history
 No 403 17.9 0.065 14.1 0.412
 Yes 261 23.8 16.5
Infertility length (months)
 12–23 149 26.2 0.100 18.1 0.459
 24–35 166 19.9 15.1
 >=36 349 17.8 13.8
Lifestyle risk factors (Women)
Smoking
 Never 455 19.1 0.567 13.9 0.391
 Current 80 23.8 16.3
 Past (>1 month ago) 129 21.7 18.6
Coffee or tea drinking
 Never 74 16.2 0.008 13.5 0.007
 Current 545 19.3 13.9
 Past (>1 month ago) 45 37.8 31.1
Soda drinking
 Never 70 28.6 0.296 20.0 0.536
 Current 543 19.3 14.2
 Past (>1 month ago) 50 18.0 18.0
Alcoholic drinking
 Never 260 16.9 0.008 13.1 <0.001
 Current 274 18.3 11.7
 Past (>1 month ago) 128 30.5 25.8
Marijuana trying
 No 311 19.9 0.825 13.5 0.532
 Yes 342 20.5 16.4
 Unknown 11 18.2 18.2
Cocaine trying
 No 524 19.7 0.857 13.9 0.396
 Yes 131 22.1 19.1
 Unknown 9 22.2 22.2
Occupational exposures (Women)
Solvents
 No 513 21.3 0.460 16.0 0.564
 Yes 91 18.7 13.2
 Unknown 60 13.3 10.0
Lead
 No 604 20.9 0.426 15.2 0.743
 Yes 8 25.0 25.0
 Unknown 52 11.5 11.5
Paint
 No 517 20.3 0.457 15.1 0.309
 Yes 129 21.7 17.1
 Unknown 18 5.5 0.0
Pesticide
 No 539 21.7 0.095 16.1 0.167
 Yes 88 17.1 13.6
 Unknown 37 5.4 2.7
Metal fumes
 No 625 20.3 0.853 15.2 0.932
 Yes 8 25.0 12.5
 Unknown 31 16.1 12.9
Anesthetic gases
 No 610 21.0 0.204 15.9 0.199
 Yes 39 15.4 7.7
 Unknown 15 0.0 0.0
Chemo drugs
 No 639 20.5 0.563 15.2 0.704
 Yes 9 22.2 22.2
 Unknown 16 6.3 6.3
Excess heat
 No 613 20.6 0.418 15.7 0.404
 Yes 40 20.0 10.0
 Unknown 11 0.0 0.0
Vibration
 No 627 20.9 0.304 15.6 0.321
 Yes 21 9.5 9.5
 Unknown 16 6.3 0.0
Radiation
 No 591 20.3 0.495 15.4 0.539
 Yes 50 24.0 16.0
 Unknown 23 8.7 4.3
Video display terminal
 No 171 21.6 0.623 15.8 0.768
 Yes 487 19.9 15.0
 Unknown 6 0.0 0.0
Electromagnetic field
 No 512 20.3 0.055 15.4 0.101
 Yes 39 33.3 23.1
 Unknown 113 15.0 10.6

ICI, intracervical insemination; IUI, intrauterine insemination.

COS-ICI, controlled ovarian stimulation and intracervical insemination.

COS-IUI, controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination.

*

Live birth rate was calculated as the ratio of the total number of patients who delivered a live birth to the total patients in the groups, regardless of their pregnancy status.