Table 5. Gene expression in cardiac tissue.

	Cardiac Gene Expression
	Diabetic
TGFβ	1.82±0.40 (n = 5)
MCP-1	2.11±0.84 (n = 5)
IL1β	1.01±.25 (n = 5)
TNFα	0.58±0.16 (n = 5)
CTGF	4.05±0.88 (n = 5)*
Fibronectin	1.54±0.24 (n = 5)

Cardiac gene expression at 10 weeks of age; mRNA levels in diabetic mice relative to controls (assigned as 1.0) normalized to β-actin mRNA level. Values are means ± SE; n, number of mice; TGFβ, transforming growth factorβ; MCP-1, monocyte chemoatactic protein-1; IL1β, interleukin 1β; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor.

^*P = 0.001 between diabetic and control animals.