Table 2.
Rates of parent-reported behavior disorders in the EPT/ELBW (n = 148) and NBW (n =111) groups.
| Behavior Disorder | EPT/ELBW Group No. (%)a |
NBW Group No. (%) |
Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes, Parent Form (P-ChIPS) Clinical Syndromes:b | ||||
| ADHD Combined | 47 (33) | 18 (16) | 2.50 (1.34, 4.68) | .004* |
| ADHD Inattentive | 30 (21) | 10 (9) | 2.64 (1.22, 5.72) | .014 |
| ADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive | 39 (28) | 14 (13) | 2.54 (1.27, 5.08) | .008* |
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder | 27 (19) | 13 (12) | 1.65 (0.79, 3.44) | .184 |
| Conduct Disorder | 8 (6) | 5 (5) | 1.10 (0.34, 3.55) | .877 |
| Specific Phobia | 24 (17) | 13 (12) | 1.53 (0.73, 3.18) | .257 |
| Social Phobia | 9 (6) | 1 (1) | 7.63 (0.95, 61.40) | .056 |
| Separation Anxiety Disorder | 8 (6) | 6 (5) | 0.95 (0.31, 2.89) | .931 |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | 4 (3) | 4 (4) | 0.75 (0.18, 3.13) | .696 |
| Enuresis | 28 (20) | 12 (11) | 2.05 (0.98, 4.28) | .057 |
| Encopresis | 6 (4) | 3 (3) | 1.58 (0.38, 6.58) | .531 |
| Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), DSM-Oriented Syndromes, scaled scores ≥ 93rdpercentile: | ||||
| Affective Problems | 9 (6) | 5 (5) | 1.34 (0.43, 4.15) | .618 |
| Anxiety Problems | 10 (7) | 7 (6) | 1.09 (0.39, 2.98) | .874 |
| Somatic Problems | 8 (6) | 9 (8) | 0.63 (0.23, 1.72) | .369 |
| ADHD Problems | 21 (15) | 6 (5) | 2.92 (1.11, 7.68) | .030 |
| Oppositional Defiant Problems | 11 (8) | 5 (5) | 1.68 (0.56, 5.01) | .356 |
| Conduct Problems | 15 (11) | 8 (7) | 1.35 (0.54, 3.41) | .521 |
| Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Parent Form (BRIEF-parent), T-scores ≥ 65: | ||||
| Behavior Regulation Index | 21 (15) | 7 (6) | 2.49 (1.00, 6.17) | .049 |
| Inhibition (BR) | 22 (15) | 6 (5) | 3.09 (1.20, 7.98) | .020 |
| Shift (BR) | 23(16) | 6 (5) | 3.34 (1.30, 8.56) | .012 |
| Emotional Control (BR) | 11 (8) | 5 (5) | 1.76 (0.59, 5.30) | .313 |
| Metacognition Index | 13 (9) | 5 (5) | 2.13 (0.70, 6.46) | .180 |
| Initiate (M) | 13 (9) | 5 (5) | 2.04 (0.69, 6.06) | .200 |
| Working Memory (M) | 30 (21) | 8 (7) | 3.38 (1.46, 7.81) | .004* |
| Plan/Organize (M) | 12 (9) | 7 (6) | 1.33 (0.49, 3.57) | .572 |
| Organization of Materials (M) | 7 (5) | 6 (5) | 0.89 (0.29, 2.75) | .845 |
| Monitor (M) | 21 (15) | 2 (2) | 9.24 (2.11, 40.36) | .003*c |
Abbreviations: EPT/ELBW = Extremely Preterm/Extremely Low Birth Weight; NBW = term-born Normal Birth Weight; ADHD = attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; BR = BRIEF Behavior Regulation domain; M = BRIEF Metacognition domain.
a
Parent data were not obtained form 6 EPT/ELBW children because they were too low functioning to be assessed (n=4) or parents failed to complete the assessments (n=2).
b
Syndromes with low frequencies (<5 for both groups combined) not included.
c
Significant when excluding 19 ETP/ELBW children not attending regular classrooms.
*
Adjusted p<.01.