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Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses of MMP-1 and VDR in FLSs. Calcitriol (CALC) suppresses IL-1β–induced expression of MMP-1 in FLS from DA (50 nmol/L) by 95% (A) and in FLS from RA (1 μmol/L) by 73.5% (B). Calcitriol treatment for 24 h increased VDR mRNA levels by 2.6-fold in DA FLSs cultured on polystyrene plates (50 nmol/L; n = 7 per group; Figure 2C) (C) and by sixfold in RA FLSs cultured on Matrigel compared with DMSO control (1 μmol/L; n = 5 per group) (D).
