Table 2. Relationships of Patient Sex and Rater With ADLs, IADLs, and CES-D.

Outcome	Rater	Mean outcome by patient sex and rater		Sex difference (male minus female)a		p value
		Male patients	Female patients	Mean	95% CIb
ADLsc	Proxy	3.22	2.83	0.40	[−0.46, 1.25]	.37
	Patient	3.26	2.56	0.70	[−0.07, 1.47]	.08
IADLsd	Proxy	3.25	3.37	−0.12	[−0.79, 0.56]	.73
	Patient	2.75	2.88	−0.13	[−0.74, 0.48]	.68
CES-De	Proxy	8.23	11.83	−3.60	[−6.89, 0.31]	.02
	Patient	11.46	12.72	−1.26	[−4.12, 1.61]	.38

^aMean among male patients minus mean among female patients.

^bCI = confidence interval.

^cADLs = activities of daily living (range: 0-10).

^dIADLs = instrumental activities of daily living (range: 0-7).

^eCES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (range: 0-60).