Table 2. Reliability of healthcare worker recalling presence in a SARS patient's room during patient care activities*.
| Activity | No. (%) affirmative during initial interview | No. (%) same response on follow-up interview | No. (%) of responses overestimated | No. (%) of responses underestimated | No. (%) missing | Kappa | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory characteristics and airway management | |||||||
| Intubation | 2 (7) | 25 (93) | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.46 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Suctioning before intubation | 2 (7) | 24 (89) | 2 (7) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.34 | 0.23–0.91 |
| Suctioning after intubation | 2 (7) | 25 (93) | 2 (7) | 0 | 0 | 0.63 | 0.17–1.00 |
| Manipulation of oxygen face mask/tubing | 13 (48) | 22 (82) | 3 (11) | 2 (7) | 0 | 0.70 | 0.44–0.97 |
| Manual ventilation | 2 (7) | 25 (93) | 2 (7) | 0 | 0 | 0.63 | 0.17–1.00 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 6 (22) | 24 (89) | 2 (7) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.70 | 0.38–1.00 |
| Patient coughing/spitting while healthcare worker present |
11 (41) |
16 (59) |
8 (30) |
0 |
3 (11) |
0.38 |
0.11–0.66 |
| Routine patient care | |||||||
| Changing bedding | 11 (41) | 18 (67) | 2 (7) | 7 (26) | 0 | 0.26 | 0.09–0.60 |
| Bathing patient | 4 (15) | 26 (96) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0 | 0.87 | 0.61–1.00 |
| Emptying urinary catheter collection bag or collecting urine sample | 4 (15) | 25 (93) | 0 | 2 (7) | 0 | 0.63 | 0.17–1.00 |
| Oral care or nasal swab | 4 (15) | 25 (93) | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.71 | 0.32–1.00 |
| Stool sample or rectal swab | 0 | 25 (93) | 1 (4) | 0 | 1 (4) | – | – |
| Nebulizer treatments |
0 |
19 (70) |
6 (22) |
0 |
2 (7) |
– |
– |
| Procedures | |||||||
| BiPAP | 19 (70) | 18 (67) | 2 (7) | 6 (22) | 1 (4) | 0.32 | 0.01–0.66 |
| Electrocardiogram | 3 (11) | 23 (85) | 3 (11) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.42 | 0.04–0.88 |
| Insertion of central venous catheter | 0 | 27 (100) | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | – | – |
| Insertion of peripheral intravenous catheter or arterial catheter | 5 (18) | 25 (93) | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.75 | 0.43–1.00 |
| Insertion of nasogastric tube | 0 | 26 (96) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| Insertion of urinary (Foley) catheter | 0 | 27 (100) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| Chest physiotherapy |
0 |
26 (96) |
1 (4) |
0 |
0 |
– |
– |
| Other | |||||||
| Cleaning room/furniture | 2 (7) | 26 (96) | 0 | 1 (4) | 0 | 0.65 | 0.02–1.00 |
| Cleaning medical equipment | 3 (11) | 22 (82) | 2 (7) | 1 (4) | 2 (7) | 0.51 | 0.03–0.99 |
*SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; CI, confidence interval; BiPAP, bi-level positive air pressure.