Table 2. Estimated hospital diagnoses of gastroenteritis due to foodborne pathogens in Australia, circa 2000*.
| Agent | ICD-9-CM code | No. hospital diagnoses per year (95% CrI)† | % foodborne (95% CrI) | No. hospital diagnoses from foodborne transmission per year (95% CrI)‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | 4,960 (3,360–6,310) | 70 (65–75) | 3,480 (2,440–4,500) | |
| Aeromonas spp. | NA | NA | 25 (12–38) | – |
| Bacillus cereus | 008.59 | 29 (0–66) | 100 | 29 (0–66) |
| Campylobacter spp. | 008.43 | 3,140 (1,754–4,546) | 75 (67–83) | 2,260 (1,250–3,300) |
| Clostridium perfringens | 005.2 | 1 (0–3) | 100 | 1 (0–3) |
| Escherichia coli | 008.00–04 | 102 (53–154) | 50 (32–68) | 50 (23–86) |
| Salmonella spp. (nontyphoidal) | 003 | 1,330 (1,130–1,530) | 87 (81–93) | 1,060 (900–1,240) |
| Shigella spp. | 004 | 320 (270–370) | 10 (4–16) | 19 (8–31) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 005.0 | 21 (17–25) | 100 | 21 (17–25) |
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 005.4 | 4 (2–6) | 71 (54–88) | 3 (1–5) |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | 008.44 | 34 (24–44) | 75 (63–87) | 25 (17–35) |
| Viruses | 3,940 (3,740–4,140) | 2 (1–3) | 100 (60–140) | |
| Astrovirus/adenovirus | 008.62/008.66 | 190 (130–250) | 10 (2–18) | 19 (4–37) |
| Norovirus | 008.63 | 17 (2–32) | 25 (12–38) | 4 (0–9) |
| Rotavirus | 008.61 | 3,740 (3,540–3,920) | 2 (1–3) | 70 (40–110) |
| Parasites | 1,160 (950–1,390) | 6 (2–9) | 64 (19–116) | |
| Cryptosporidium spp. | 007.4 | 200 (0–400) | 10 (2–18) | 14 (0–49) |
| Giardia lamblia | 007.1 | 1,000 (900–1,100) | 5 (1–9) | 49 (7–90) |
| Total known§ | 10,070 (8,630–11,470) | 3,640 (2,600–4,670) | ||
| Miscellaneous and unknown agents | 30,800 (22,700–38,400) | 36 (30–41)¶ | 11,000 (8,000–14,000) | |
| Miscellaneous agents (not listed above) | 2,800 (2,400–3,200) | 1,000 (800–1,200) | ||
| Unknown# |
|
28,000 (20,000–35,700) |
|
10,000 (6,800–13,200) |
| Total known and unknown | 41,000 (33,000–49,000) | 36 (30–41) | 14,700 (11,400–18,000) | |
*ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; CrI, credibility interval; NA, not applicable. †Includes principal and 9 additional diagnoses. Simulated distribution based on raw yearly National Hospital Mortality Database data 1993/1994–1998/1999. ‡Adjusted for 1) proportion foodborne and 2) proportion overseas acquired. §36% (95% CrI 30%–41%) known pathogens foodborne (not overseas acquired). ¶Apply % foodborne in known pathogens. #Includes codes 0051–3 and 8–9, 00849, 0085, 0088, 009, 00841–2, 00846–9,and 00869.