Figure 4. Example of one viable grazing strategies and state trajectories in the result-oriented scenario with a climatic perturbation (zoom on the three years around the climatic perturbation).

The different constraints are plotted to illustrate the fact that viable result-oriented strategies would not respect action and habitat oriented constraints. Figure a, viable grazing strategy in the result oriented scheme. Red bars represent the cattle density constraint u^# applied in the habitat and action oriented schemes. Figure b, viable grass height trajectory h in the action and result oriented schemes. Red bars represent the grass height constraint h^# applied in the habitat and action oriented schemes. Figure c, viable bird population trajectory N. The red dotted line stands for the population size constraint N^b. The green and red arrows highlight the mechanisms of inter-annual compensation.