Table 1.
Bivariate Correlates of Depression and Low Mental Health Functioning (N=5,641)*
| Depression | Low Mental Health Functioning | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Yes N (%)* |
No N (%)* |
Yes N (%)* |
No N (%)* |
N (%)* | |
|
| |||||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 37.6 (11.2)1 | 36.2 (11.6) | 37.1 (11.3) | 36.3 (11.6) | 36.5 (11.5) |
| Female | 893 (67.6)1 | 2360 (54.6) | 930 (65.9)1 | 2323 (54.9) | 3253 (57.7) |
| African-American | 704 (53.3) | 2443 (56.6) | 782 (55.4) | 2365 (55.9) | 3147 (55.8) |
| Not married/living together | 986 (74.6) | 3070 (71.1) | 1067 (75.6)2 | 2989 (70.1) | 4056 (71.9) |
| ≤ High school education | 900 (68.1) | 2787 (64.5) | 976 (69.2) 2 | 2711 (64.1) | 3687 (65.4) |
| No health insurance | 228 (17.3) 1 | 1001 (23.2) | 270 (19.2) 2 | 959 (22.7) | 1229 (21.8) |
| Unemployed a | 916 (69.3) 1 | 2081 (48.3) | 970 (68.8) 1 | 2027 (48.0) | 2997 (53.2) |
| Income ≤$10,000 | 575 (62.0) 1 | 353 (43.0) | 613 (62.2) 1 | 372 (42.6) | 1949 (47.3) |
| Clinical | |||||
| Injured | 285 (21.6) 1 | 1196 (27.7) | 309 (21.9) 1 | 1172 (27.7) | 1481 (26.3) |
| Alcohol use (past month) | |||||
| None | 757 (57.3) 2 | 2345 (54.3) | 759 (53.8) | 2343 (55.4) | 3102 (55.0) |
| Use, No Binge | 267 (20.2) | 1073 (24.8) | 317 (22.5) | 1023 (24.2) | 1340 (23.8) |
| Binge | 297 (22.5) | 902 (20.9) | 335 (23.7) | 864 (20.4) | 1199 (21.3) |
| DSM alcohol disorder (past year) | |||||
| None | 1073 (81.2) 1 | 3898 (90.2) | 1146 (81.2) 1 | 3825 (90.4) | 4971 (88.1) |
| Abuse | 96 (7.3) | 239 (5.5) | 112 (7.9) | 223 (5.3) | 335 (5.9) |
| Dependence | 152 (11.5) | 183 (4.2) | 153 (10.8) | 182 (4.3) | 335 (5.9) |
| Cocaine use (past month) | 117 (8.9) 1 | 132 (3.1) | 122 (8.7) 1 | 127 (3.0) | 249 (4.4)% |
| DSM cocaine disorder (past year) | |||||
| None | 1216 (92.1) 1 | 4194 (97.1) | 1296 (91.9) 1 | 4114 (97.3) | 5410 (95.9) |
| Abuse | 26 (2.0) | 39 (0.9) | 28 (2.0) | 37 (0.9) | 65 (1.2) |
| Dependence | 79 (6.0) | 87 (2.0) | 87 (6.2) | 79 (1.9) | 166 (2.9) |
| Marijuana use (past month) | 318 (24.1) 1 | 790 (18.3) | 365 (25.9) 1 | 743 (17.6) | 1108 (19.6) |
| DSM marijuana disorder (past year) | |||||
| None | 1227 (92.9) 1 | 4143 (95.9) | 1302 (92.3) 1 | 4068 (96.2) | 5370 (95.2) |
| Abuse | 40 (3.0) | 109 (2.5) | 53 (3.8) | 96 (2.3) | 149 (2.6) |
| Dependence | 54 (4.1) | 68 (1.6) | 56 (4.0) | 66 (1.6) | 122 (2.2) |
|
| |||||
| TOTAL | 1321 (23.42) | 4320 (76.58) | 1411 (25.00) | 4230 (75.0) | 5641 |
*
depression measured by the PhQ-9, low mental health functioning by the lowest quartile on the mental health component of the SF-12; percents in the table are column percents;
a
some subjects did not respond or skipped this question;
1
P < 0.0001;
2
P < 0.01