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. 2012 Feb;75(2):249–258. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02641.x

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© 2011 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.

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FluoroSpot analysis of cytokine co-secretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated CD16⁺ monocytes. Purified CD16⁺ monocytes (1000 cells/well) were incubated for 20 h in FluoroSpot plates and analysed for the co-secretion of IL-6/TNF-α, IL-6/MIP-1β, IL-6/IL-1β, IL-6/GM-CSF and IL-6/IL-10, IL-6/IL-12p40 in response to LPS. Values represent the mean ± range of triplicates. Pie charts show the average percentage of LPS-activated CD16⁺ monocytes secreting either one of the cytokines or both. Monocytes cultured in medium alone are not shown but contained few cytokine-secreting cells (<52 spots for TNF-α, <22 spots for IL-6, <14 spots for MIP-1β, <3 spots for IL-1β, GM-CSF, IL-10 and IL-12p40). Similar results were obtained in two separate experiments.