Figure 2.

(a) The face of a white-faced capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus) illustrating the procedure used to characterize facial colour pattern complexity. (b) Faces were subdivided into 14 areas which were used to record traits describing the hair and skin colour, and hair length. (c) These areas were then grouped into regions that covaried across species (A, crown; B, forehead; C, eye mask; D, nose–mouth; E, face margin). Bilaterally symmetrical areas or regions are shown for only one side of the face.