Table 2.
Sociodemographic Characteristics of US Adults, by Level of Psychological Distressa
| Sociodemographic Characteristics | Psychological Distressb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No/Low | Mild-Moderate | Severe | Pc | |
| Percent of subjects (unweighted) | 22,438,539 | 2,273,532 | 906,299 | |
| Total number of subjects (weighted) | 27,825 | 3118 | 1323 | |
| Total number of subjects (unweighted) | 86.2 | 9.7 | 4.1 | |
| Age, y | <.0001 | |||
| 18–29 | 21.5 | 22.8 | 17.4 | |
| 30–39 | 20.6 | 20.2 | 16.0 | |
| 40–49 | 20.5 | 22.6 | 27.9 | |
| 50–59 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 21.3 | |
| 60–69 | 10.4 | 8.1 | 8.5 | |
| 70–79 | 8.5 | 7.0 | 5.6 | |
| 80+ | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.2 | |
| Male | 47.9 | 38.2 | 35.6 | <.0001 |
| Marital status | <.0001 | |||
| Married | 65.2 | 53.0 | 48.9 | |
| Widowed | 6.7 | 8.5 | 9.2 | |
| Divorced | 8.0 | 11.4 | 16.2 | |
| Separated | 2.0 | 4.2 | 6.5 | |
| Single | 17.8 | 22.6 | 18.8 | |
| Unknown | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | |
| Race/ethnicity | .0002 | |||
| White (non-Hispanic) | 68.7 | 66.3 | 63.4 | |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 12.3 | 13.8 | 14.5 | |
| Other (non-Hispanic) | 6.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | |
| Hispanic | 12.2 | 12.2 | 14.2 | |
| Ratio of family income to Federal Poverty Level | <.0001 | |||
| Below 100% | 9.4 | 20.3 | 30.0 | |
| 100%–199% | 13.9 | 21.5 | 25.0 | |
| 200%–399% | 34.0 | 30.5 | 24.3 | |
| 400% or more | 22.2 | 11.4 | 5.8 | |
| Unknown | 20.5 | 16.3 | 14.9 | |
| Health insurance status | <.0001 | |||
| Private insurance only | 73.0 | 54.8 | 41.5 | |
| Any publicly funded insurance | 13.8 | 28.6 | 41.3 | |
| No insurance | 13.2 | 16.6 | 17.2 | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index >2 | 4.0 | 7.5 | 11.7 | <.0001 |
| Affective disorders | 5.9 | 16.7 | 23.9 | <.0001 |
| Psychoses, schizophrenia, and related disorders | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.4 | <.0001 |
| Anxiety, somatoform, dissociative, and personality disorders | 8.7 | 19.6 | 26.8 | <.0001 |
| Education status | <.0001 | |||
| No or some high school | 18.7 | 27.9 | 38.8 | |
| High school graduate | 32.5 | 36.9 | 35.8 | |
| Some college | 23.0 | 20.8 | 16.4 | |
| College or beyond | 25.3 | 13.5 | 8.2 | |
| Unknown | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 | |
| Region of United States | .01 | |||
| Northeast | 17.2 | 15.6 | 14.8 | |
| Midwest | 23.7 | 24.5 | 20.6 | |
| South | 38.7 | 39.2 | 42.3 | |
| West | 20.5 | 20.8 | 22.3 | |
| Metropolitan Statistical Area | 78.4 | 73.0 | 70.0 | <.0001 |
a
Values are percentages unless indicated otherwise.
b
Psychological distress was defined using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), with strata classified as no/low (K6 score 0 to 6), mildmoderate (7 to 12), or severe (13 or more).
c
χ2 P for difference between categories of psychological distress.